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Language Information By Source

Archie Thompson dies at 93; Yurok elder kept tribal tongue alive
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Awakening

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Achie Thompson, the oldest living member of California's Yurok tribe and the last known active speaker raised in the tribal language, has died. He was 93.

Year of info

2013

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Severely Endangered

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12

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Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

USA, California

Coordinates

41.0607,-124.1413

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several individuals have acquired second-language fluency

Year of info

2011

Location and Context

Countries

USA, California

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school programs

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Script (Writing system)

Roman script

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English

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"...many younger Yuroks have an acquaintance with the language through local school programs that have been in place since the 1970s at both the primary and secondary levels." (2011:67)

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Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

USA, California

Coordinates

41.0607,-124.1413

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Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

12

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Ethnic Population

3000-4500

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US Census (2000) lists 279 who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 3,000 to 4,500 possibly (SIL 1982). (Unchanged 2016.)

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

USA, California

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Location description

Northwest California

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Northwest California

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Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

<12

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Ethnic Population

4,000+

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Only a dozen or fewer elderly people have full first-language fluency in a combined tribal enrollment of well over 4,000, although there are perhaps three times as many semi-speakers and passive speakers, all middle aged or older

Year of info

2008

Location and Context

Countries

USA, California

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Location description

Yurok is the traditional language of the Yurok Tribe of northwestern California and of three nearby independent rancherias of Yurok heritage, Reseghini, Big Lagoon, and Trinidad (Cher-Ae).

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Yurok is the traditional language of the Yurok Tribe of northwestern California and of three nearby independent rancherias of Yurok heritage, Reseghini, Big Lagoon, and Trinidad (Cher-Ae).

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Year of info

2005

Location and Context

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Coordinates

41.3333333333,-124.0

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Severely Endangered

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12

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  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
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    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  3. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  4. World Oral Literature Project
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    http://www.oralliterature.org
  5. North America
    Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.
  6. Endangered Languages of the United States
    Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell. 2010. "Endangered Languages of the United States." In Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger of Disappearing, edited by Christopher Moseley. 108-130. UNESCO.
  7. The World Atlas of Language Structures
    2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
  8. California Indian Languages
    Victor Golla. 2011. "California Indian Languages." 61-200.
  9. Wiyot and Yurok Correspondences
    Hamp, Eric P. 1970. "Wiyot and Yurok Correspondences." In Languages and Cultures of Western North America, edited by Jr., Earl H. Swanson. 107-110. Pocatello: Idaho State University Press.
  10. Yurok
    Pilling, Arnold R. 1978. "Yurok." In California, edited by Robert F. Heizer. 8: 137-154. Smithsonian Institution, Washington:.
  11. The Yurok Language: Grammar, Texts and Lexicon
    Robins, Robert H. 1958. "The Yurok Language: Grammar, Texts and Lexicon." 15: Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  12. The Yurok Language, Grammar, Texts, Lexicon
    Robins, R. H. 1958. "The Yurok Language, Grammar, Texts, Lexicon." 15: University of California Press.
  13. Reduplication and infixation in Yurok: morphology, semantics, and diachrony
    Garrett, Andrew. 2001. "Reduplication and Infixation in Yurok: Morphology, Semantics, and Diachrony." In International Journal of American Linguistics, 67: 264-312.