Overview
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Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

<6,000 (including speakers of all the Gelao languages)

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Recent Resources

No resources

Community Members

    No members

Revitalization Programs

No programs

Discussion Forum

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Language Information By Source

Case studies of endangered languages in China (中國瀕危語言個案研究)
Arrow pointing down
Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

<6,000 (including speakers of all the Gelao languages)

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

579,357 (as of 2000 census; including all the ethnic Gelao)

Non-monolingual speakers

all

More about speakers

only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.

Year of info

2004

Location and Context

Countries

China

Coordinates

26.070, 105.777; 25.849, 105.209; 26.238, 105.967; 27.728, 106.927; 26.835, 106.745; 24.809, 105.325

Location description

Zhenning (鎮寧), Guanling (關嶺), Qinglong (晴隆) and Zhenfeng (貞豐) of western Guizhou, and Zunyi (遵義) and Huairen (懷仁) counties of northern Guizhou; Sanchong (三沖) in Longlin (隆林) county of Guangxi

Government support

no

Institutional support

no

Speakers’s attitudes

neutral to negative

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Zhenning (鎮寧), Guanling (關嶺), Qinglong (晴隆) and Zhenfeng (貞豐) of western Guizhou, and Zunyi (遵義) and Huairen (懷仁) counties of northern Guizhou; Sanchong (三沖) in Longlin (隆林) county of Guangxi

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Mandarin

Domains of other languages

official ones

More on context

Everyone is able to speak Mandarin; in a few villages, Green Gelao remains the primary language in non-official domains and learned natively by preschool children; people who married into these villages also learn Green Gelao.

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

600

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

23.1333,105.25

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

2,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, China; Ha Giang Province, Vietnam

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Central Guizhou Province from north to south - Guanling County, and others in Renhuan and Qinglong counties. There is one village with two elderly speakers in Longlin County, Guangxi Province

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Central Guizhou Province from north to south - Guanling County, and others in Renhuan and Qinglong counties. There is one village with two elderly speakers in Longlin County, Guangxi Province

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

This group is one of the components of the Gelao nationality of China and the Kíolao ethnic group of Vietnam.

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

300

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Vietnam; China

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

300

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

Filter By

No programs

  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  3. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  4. East and Southeast Asia
    Bradley, David. 2007. "East and Southeast Asia." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 349-424. London & New York: Routledge.
  5. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  6. Gelao-yu jianzhi (仡佬語簡志) [Brief guide to Gelao language]
    Jiashan He and Meizhen Luo. 1983. Gelao-yu Jianzhi (仡老語簡志) [Brief guide to Gelao language]. Beijing: National Minorities Publishing House.
  7. Proto-Kra
    Weera Ostapirat. 2000. Proto-Kra. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, 23.1: 1-251.
    http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/weera2000proto.pdf
  8. Case studies of endangered languages in China (中國瀕危語言個案研究)
    2004. "Case Studies of Endangered Languages in China (中國瀕危語言個案研究)." edited by Qingxia Dai (戴慶廈). Minzu Publisher (民族出版社).