Overview
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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

3,490

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Recent Resources

No resources

Community Members

    No members

Revitalization Programs

No programs

Discussion Forum

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Language Information By Source

Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking
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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

3,490

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

3,490

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Brazil Machineri (Manchineri, Yine) 937 speakers, 937 population (2004). Peru: Yine (Piro, Apurinã, Yinerï, Tokanï) 2,553 speakers, 2,553 populations (1993).

Year of info

2012

Location and Context

Countries

Peru, Brazil

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

2,150

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

-11.4584,-73.0261

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

Peru

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Spoken in the basins of the Urubamba, Unine, Las Piedras, Acre, Purús, Manu, and Madre de Dios rivers, in the departments of Ucayali, Cusco, Madre de Dios, and Loreto, in Peru.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Spoken in the basins of the Urubamba, Unine, Las Piedras, Acre, Purús, Manu, and Madre de Dios rivers, in the departments of Ucayali, Cusco, Madre de Dios, and Loreto, in Peru.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

4,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

4,000-5,000

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Yine [pib]: 4,000 (2000 SIL), increasing.

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Peru;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Ucayali, Junin, and Cusco regions; east central Urubamba River area, Ucayali River, Conatmana and Pucallpa.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Ucayali, Junin, and Cusco regions; east central Urubamba River area, Ucayali River, Conatmana and Pucallpa.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

4000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

4000

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2016

Location and Context

Countries

Peru

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

Positive

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Asháninka [cni], Matsigenka [mcb], Spanish [spa]

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

2,150-3,500

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

2,150–3,500

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

"SIL has been involved in establishing bilingual schools in Yine communities since 1953. Today there is a bilingual education programme in the communities on the Urubamba River."

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

Peru

Coordinates

No data

Location description

"Southeast, Department of Ucayali: on the mouth of the Cushabatay River (tributary of the Ucayali); departments of Ucayali and Cuzco: Urubamba River (especially the lower zone), Manu River (tributaries on the right), the Upper Madre de Dios in the area of the mouth of the Manu River; Department of Madre de Dios: Acre River."

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

"Southeast, Department of Ucayali: on the mouth of the Cushabatay River (tributary of the Ucayali); departments of Ucayali and Cuzco: Urubamba River (especially the lower zone), Manu River (tributaries on the right), the Upper Madre de Dios in the area of the mouth of the Manu River; Department of Madre de Dios: Acre River."

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

-11.0,-73.5

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

4,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

Filter By

No programs

  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. South America
    Crevels, Mily. 2007. "South America." In Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 103-196. London & New York: Routledge.
  3. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  4. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  5. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  6. Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking
    Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.
  7. The World Atlas of Language Structures
    2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
  8. The Language of the Piro
    Bartlett, John Russell and F. W. Hodge. 1909. "The Language of the Piro." In American Anthropologist, 11 , no. 3: 426-433.
  9. Notes on the Piro Language
    Harrington, John P. 1909. "Notes On the Piro Language." In American Anthropologist, 11 , no. 4: 563-594.
  10. Who Were the Piro?
    Leap, William L. 1971. "Who Were the Piro?" In Anthropological Linguistics, 13 , no. 7: 321-441.
  11. The Piro (Arawakan) Language
    Matteson, Esther. 1965. "The Piro (Arawakan) Language." University of California Press.
  12. Castellano-Piro
    Alemany, Agustín. 2002 [1927]. "Castellano-Piro." In Producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros tomos XIII, XIV, edited by Bernardino Izaguirre. VI: 325-362.
  13. Diccionario Piro
    Nies, Joyce. 1986. "Diccionario Piro." Instituto Lingüı.