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Language Information By Source

North America
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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

2235?

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

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Young adult speakers

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Older adult speakers

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Elder Speakers

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Ethnic Population

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Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree. The Government of Canada estimates a total of 1,865 speakers, the majority in Alberta and Saskatchewan. A recent survey at Cold Lake found only 200 fluent speakers out 1,800-2,000 Band members, but the proportion is much higher in some remote communities such as Wollaston Lake, Saskatchewan, where most children are reported to be more fluent in Chipewyan than in English. In the Northwest Territories, where Chipewyan has official language status, there are 370 speakers (185 of whom use the language at home) in the communities of Lutselk’e, Ft. Smith, and Ft. Resolution.

Year of info

2008

Location and Context

Countries

Canada

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Northwest Territories Of the Dene complex spoken in a number of communities scattered across a large area in the forest and tundra of northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories. Among the principal settlements are Cold Lake and Fort Chipewyan, Alberta, and Fort Resolution and Lutselk’e, NWT.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

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Speakers' attitudes

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Standard orthography

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Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Northwest Territories Of the Dene complex spoken in a number of communities scattered across a large area in the forest and tundra of northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories. Among the principal settlements are Cold Lake and Fort Chipewyan, Alberta, and Fort Resolution and Lutselk’e, NWT.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

8195

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

Canada

Coordinates

56.4807,-109.4127

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

1865

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree.

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

Canada

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

9030

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

6000

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Data for the ethnic population comes from Krauss (1995).

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Canada;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, southeastern Northwest Territories (Snowdrift and Fort Resolution), Fort Smith, Fort Chipewyan, Wolliston Post, Buffalo Narrows, Brochet, and some communities in Reindeer Lake.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, southeastern Northwest Territories (Snowdrift and Fort Resolution), Fort Smith, Fort Chipewyan, Wolliston Post, Buffalo Narrows, Brochet, and some communities in Reindeer Lake.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

11,900 (2011 census).

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

11,900 (2011 census).

Year of info

2016

Location and Context

Countries

Canada

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

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Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

English

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

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Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

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Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

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More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

4000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

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Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

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Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

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Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

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Script (Writing system)

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Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

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Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

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Media Resources

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  1. Analysis of Cold Lake Dialect, Chipewyan
    Goddard, P. E. 1912. "Analysis of Cold Lake Dialect, Chipewyan." In Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, X , no. II: 67-170.
  2. English-Chipewyan Dictionary
    Elford, Leon W. and Marjorie Elford. 1981. "English-Chipewyan Dictionary." Northern Canada Evangelical Mission.
  3. Chipewyan Grammar
    Richardson, Murray. 1968. "Chipewyan Grammar." Northern Canada Evangelical Mission.
  4. Chipewyan relative clauses
    Carter, Richard T. 1979. "Chipewyan Relative Clauses."
  5. Chipewyan
    Li, Fang-kuei. 1946. "Chipewyan." In Linguistic Structures of native America, edited by H. Hoijer. 394-423. Wenner-Gren Foundation.
  6. Chipewyan consonants
    Li, Fang-kuei. 1933. "Chipewyan Consonants." In Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica Ts'ai Yuan P'ei Anniversary Volume, 1: 429-467.
  7. A list of Chipewyan stems
    Li, Fang-kuei. 1932. "A List of Chipewyan Stems." In International Journal of American Linguistics, 7: 122-151.
  8. The Na-Dene Languages, a Preliminary Report
    Sapir, Edward. 1915. "The Na-Dene Languages, a Preliminary Report." In American Anthropologist, 17 , no. 3: 534-558.
  9. Grammaire de la langue montagnaise
    Legoff, Laurent. 1889. "Grammaire De La Langue Montagnaise." Montreal: [No Publisher].
  10. Na-Dene and Eskimo-Aleut
    Krauss, Michael E. 1979. "Na-Dene and Eskimo-Aleut." In The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment, edited by Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun. 803-901. Austin: University of Texas Press.
  11. Na-Dene
    Krauss, Michael E. 1976. "Na-Dene." In Native Languages of the Americas: Volume 1, edited by Thomas A. Sebeok. 283-358. New York: Plenum.
  12. Na-Dene
    Krauss, Michael. 1973. "Na-Dene." In Linguistics in North America, edited by Thomas A. Sebeok. 10: 903-978. Mouton de Gruyter.
  13. Notes on a Chipewyan Dialect
    Haas, Mary R. 1968. "Notes On a Chipewyan Dialect." In International Journal of American Linguistics, 34 , no. 3: 165-175.
  14. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  15. Chipewyan
    Fang-Kuei, Li. 1946. "Chipewyan." In Linguistic Structures of Native America, edited by Harry Hoijer. 6: 398-423. New York: Viking Fund.
  16. Towards Proto-Na-Dene
    Enrico, John. 2004. "Towards Proto-Na-Dene." In Anthropological Linguistics, 46 , no. 3: 229-302.
  17. The History of the Na-Dene Controversy
    Dürr, Michael and Egon Renner. 1995. "The History of the Na-Dene Controversy." In Language and Culture in Native North America: Studies in Honor of Heinz-Jürgen Pinnow, edited by Michael Dürr et al.. 2: 3-18. München: Lincom.
  18. Pinart, Alphonse L. 1906. .In Anthropos, I: 907-913.
  19. First Peoples' Language Map of British Columbia
    2012. "First Peoples' Language Map of British Columbia." edited by First Peoples' Cultural Council. Online: http://www.maps.fphlcc.ca/.
    http://www.maps.fphlcc.ca/
  20. The World Atlas of Language Structures
    2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
  21. North America
    Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.
  22. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages
    Moseley, Christopher. 2007. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X
  23. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  24. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  25. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/