Overview
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Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

200-2,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Community Members

    No members

Revitalization Programs

No programs

Discussion Forum

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Language Information By Source

Michif
Arrow pointing down
Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

200-2,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

"The number of people who have knowledge of the language as they learned it in their youth is probably somewhere between 200 and 2,000."

Year of info

2013

Location and Context

Countries

Canada, USA

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Manitoba, Saskatchewan, North Dakota, Montana

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Manitoba, Saskatchewan, North Dakota, Montana

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

English

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

"Today, English is the dominant language in all communities, and probably also at the individual level for the vast majority of Michif speakers."

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

<1,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2011

Location and Context

Countries

Canada; USA

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatchewan in Canada; North Dakota, Montana in USA

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatchewan in Canada; North Dakota, Montana in USA

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

English

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

830

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

230 in United States (2000 census).

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

USA; Canada;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

North Dakota, Turtle Mountain Reservation.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

North Dakota, Turtle Mountain Reservation.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

725

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

US: 75 (2010 census). Canada: 650 (2011 census).

Year of info

2016

Location and Context

Countries

Canada, USA

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

~200

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

Nearly all over 70 years old.

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Scattered as they are, it is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200. Nearly all are over 70 years old.

Year of info

2008

Location and Context

Countries

USA; Canada;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Several hundred thousand Métis live in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and North Dakota, and Cree, Ojibwe, French, and more recently English have been widely spoken in Métis communities, which have typically been multilingual.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Several hundred thousand Métis live in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and North Dakota, and Cree, Ojibwe, French, and more recently English have been widely spoken in Métis communities, which have typically been multilingual.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

USA; Canada;

Coordinates

52.0,-100.166666667

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

990

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

Filter By

No programs

  1. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  2. "Documenting Michif Variation" HRELP Abstract
    Sammons, Olivia. 2011. ""Documenting Michif Variation" HRELP Abstract." Online: http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=282.
    http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=282
  3. North America
    Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.
  4. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  5. The World Atlas of Language Structures
    2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
  6. A Language of Our Own: The Genesis of Michif, the Mixed Cree-French Language of the Canadian Métis
    Bakker, Peter. 1997. "A Language of Our Own: The Genesis of Michif, the Mixed Cree-French Language of the Canadian Métis." 10: Oxford University Press.
  7. Michif: A Mixed Language Based on Cree and French
    Bakker, P. and R. A. Papen. 1997. "Michif: A Mixed Language Based On Cree and French." In Contact languages: a wider perspective, edited by Sarah Grey Thomason. 17: 295-363. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  8. A Language of Our Own: the Genesis of Michif, the Mixed Cree-French Language of the Canadian Métis
    Bakker, Peter. 1997. "A Language of Our Own: the Genesis of Michif, the Mixed Cree-French Language of the Canadian Métis." Oxford University Press.
  9. Michif
  10. Hybrid Languages in Canada Involving French: The Case of Michif and Chiac