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Language Information By Source

Lakota Language Consortium
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Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

2000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Lakota is dangerously close to extinction. Recent linguistic surveys and anecdotal evidence reveal that there are only 2,000 first-language Lakota speakers remaining, on and around the reservations of North Dakota and South Dakota. This number represents less than 2% of the total Lakota population.

Year of info

2016

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

6390

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

6,200 in United States (R. Pustet 1997). Ethnic population: 20,000 (1987 SIL and R. Pustet 1997). 103,255 ethnic Sioux in USA (1990 Census Bureau).

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

USA; Canada;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

USA: North Dakota, South Dakota, North Nebraska, south Minnesota, northeast Montana. South Dakota, Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Sisseton, and Southern Standing Rock reservations; northeast corner, Montana; substantial off-reservation communities particularly in Rapid City, Minneapolis, and other urban centers in the upper Midwest.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

USA: North Dakota, South Dakota, North Nebraska, south Minnesota, northeast Montana. South Dakota, Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Sisseton, and Southern Standing Rock reservations; northeast corner, Montana; substantial off-reservation communities particularly in Rapid City, Minneapolis, and other urban centers in the upper Midwest.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

English

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

2200

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

100

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

180,000?

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

2,000 in United States (1997 W. Meya), increasing. 2,300 L1 speakers of all Sioux dialects in a total population of 175,000. L2 users: 100 in United States (2016 W. Meya). Ethnic population: 170,000 (2016 W. Meya). Canada: 100 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Ethnic population: 5,000 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Includes all ethnic Sioux.

Year of info

2016

Location and Context

Countries

USA, Canada

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

English

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Sioux is the cover term for the varieties of the Dakotan dialect complex other than Assiniboine and Stoney, with 3 dialect groups: Santee-Sisseton (Dakota), Yankton-Yanktonai, and Teton (Lakota). Teton (Lakota) is the dialect of the Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, and Sisseton Reservations of South Dakota, as well as of the southern part of the Standing Rock Reservation in South Dakota and of the Wood Mountain Reserve in Saskatchewan. There are also substantial off-reservation communities of Sioux speakers, particularly in Rapid City, Minneapolis, and other urban centers in the upper Midwest. Together, there are nearly 25,000 first-language speakers of all Sioux dialects in a total population of 103,000. Of these an estimated 4,755 reside in Canada.

Year of info

2008

Location and Context

Countries

USA, South Dakota; Canada, Saskatchewan

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Teton (Lakota) is the dialect of the Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, and Sisseton Reservations of South Dakota, as well as of the southern part of the Standing Rock Reservation in South Dakota and of the Wood Mountain Reserve in Saskatchewan.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Teton (Lakota) is the dialect of the Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, and Sisseton Reservations of South Dakota, as well as of the southern part of the Standing Rock Reservation in South Dakota and of the Wood Mountain Reserve in Saskatchewan.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

6,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

USA, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Minnesota, Nebraska

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

English

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

USA; Canada

Coordinates

43.8333333333,-101.833333333

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

6,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

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No programs

  1. A Grammar of Lakota
    Buechel, Eugene. 1939. "A Grammar of Lakota." Rosebud Educational Society.
  2. The Assiniboine Language
    Levin, Norman Balfour. 1964. "The Assiniboine Language." Indiana University Press.
  3. Dakota/Lakota norsk grammatikk og ordbok
    Berg, Ragnar. 1981. "Dakota/Lakota Norsk Grammatikk Og Ordbok." Berg og Berg.
  4. Siouan (Dakota)
    Boas, Franz and J. Swanton. 1911. "Siouan (Dakota)." In Handbook of American Indian Languages 1, edited by Franz Boas. 40: 875-965. Government Printing Office.
  5. Towards a Typology of Natural Logic
    Faltz, Leonard M. 1995. "Towards a Typology of Natural Logic." In Quantification in Natural Languages, edited by E. Bach et al.. 271-319. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  6. English-Lakota Dictionary
    Ingham, Bruce. 2001. "English-Lakota Dictionary." Curzon.
  7. Lakota
    Rood, David S. 2001. "Lakota." In Facts About the World's Languages. An Encyclopedia of the World's Languages: Past and Present, edited by Jane Garry and Carl Rubino. 404-408. HW Wilson.
  8. Dakota Grammar, Texts, and Ethnography
    Riggs, Stephen Return. 1893. "Dakota Grammar, Texts, and Ethnography." U.S. Government Printing Office.
  9. Aspects of Lakhota Syntax
    van Valin, Robert D. 1977. "Aspects of Lakhota Syntax."
  10. The 'Word'? in two Polysynthetic Languages
    Russell, Kevin. 1999. "The 'Word'? in Two Polysynthetic Languages." In Studies on the Phonological Word, edited by Alan T. Hall and Ursula Kleinhenz. 203-221. John Benjamins.
  11. Sketch of Lakhota, a Siouan Language
    Rood, David S. and Allan R. Taylor. 1996. "Sketch of Lakhota, a Siouan Language." In Handbook of North American Indians. Volume 17: Languages, edited by Ives Goddard. 440-482. Smithsonian Institution.
  12. Dakota Grammar
    Boas, Franz and Ella Deloria. 1941. "Dakota Grammar." 23: U.S. Government Printing Office.
  13. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  14. Teton Dakota Phonology
    Carter, Richard T. 1974. "Teton Dakota Phonology." 10: Department of Anthropology, University of Manitoba.
  15. Aspects of Lakhota Syntax: A Study of Lakhota (Teton Dakota) Syntax and its Implications for Universal Grammar
    Valin, Robert van. Aspects of Lakhota Syntax: A Study of Lakhota (Teton Dakota) Syntax and Its Implications For Universal Grammar. PhD thesis, University of California at Berkeley, 1977.
  16. A Supplementary Bibliography of Lakhota Language and Linguistics (1887-1990)
    De Reuse, Willem J. 1990. "A Supplementary Bibliography of Lakhota Language and Linguistics (1887-1990)." In Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics, 15 , no. 2: 146-165.
  17. Sketch of Lakhota, a Siouan Language
    Rood, David S. and Allan R. Taylor. 1996. "Sketch of Lakhota, a Siouan Language." In Languages, edited by Ives Goddard. 17: 440-482. Washinton, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.
  18. A Grammar of Lakota: The Language of the Teton Sioux Indians
    Buechel, Eugene. 1939. "A Grammar of Lakota: The Language of the Teton Sioux Indians." St.~Louis.
  19. Notes on the Dakota, Teton Dialect
    Boas, Franz and Ella Deloria. 1933. "Notes On the Dakota, Teton Dialect." In International Journal of American Linguistics, 7 , no. 3/4: 97-121.
  20. The World Atlas of Language Structures
    2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
  21. North America
    Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.
  22. "Preservation of Lakota Language: Translation of Songs and Speeches" HRELP Abstract
    Saltanaviciute, Jurgita. 2005. ""Preservation of Lakota Language: Translation of Songs and Speeches" HRELP Abstract." Online: http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=78.
    http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=78
  23. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org