Yulu
Youlou;
Central Sudanic; Bongo-Bagirmi
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yul
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"Given the wide geographical area where Yulu is spoken, it is extremely difficult to give even a rough estimate. I shall, therefore, confine myself to the sub-dialect under research. Even here the problem is complicated by the fact that... the language is spoken not only by the Yulu, but also by the neighbouring Binga and Kara. Furthermore, the only available figures from which the statistics have been quoted were those taken from the tax-payers list... It is the writer's own estimate from all indications that the number of speakers of this particular sub-dialect under research may well range between 3,000-5,000."
1976
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Central African Republic and the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan].
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"Other tribes, i. e. the Binga (pronounced biýa) and the Kara speak it [Yulu] as well... Yulu is the dominant language of this area. Although many languages are spoken here, Yulu is still to be reckoned with - though Kreish was the language chosen later after the Rejaf Conference to be the language of instruction in this area... Although the Kara language is different from either Yulu or Binga... the Kara have to still use Yulu as a lingua franca because, administratively, they form a unit with the Binga the immediate neighbours of the Yulu. These three tribes are so much linguistically and culturally integrated today that the common nomenclature by which other tribes call them is 'Yulu'... Yulu was not one of the languages recommended by the Rejaf Language Conference."
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"In 1946 they counted 234 TP [tax-payers] and 301 in 1952. Some Yulu remained behind the FEA [(former) French Equatorial Africa] and a few more passed over, during Sanusi's wars, to Darfur; but it is difficult to make even a rough estimate of their numbers. Some would say that in FEA they are as numerous as in the Bahr el Ghazal, but that is probably a gross exaggeration..."
1964
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Bahr el Ghazal, South Sudan
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"Close linguistic affinities and the statements of other tribes, suggest a common origin for Binga and Yulu, but both of them strongly disclaim any relationship between themselves... they were often at war with each other... This is almost the only western tribe that is known under its original name: Yulu... The Yulu are a fine race: of fairly good build, of strong independent character, hard workers on the whole... they have fairly numerous offspring, and together with the kindred Binga are on the increase... The Yulu are divided into many clans..."
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2010
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8.3854, 24.1754
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1970
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2007
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Central African Republic, Sudan, South Sudan
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"Spoken by small communities traditionally settled both in the Central African Republic (Préfecture de la Vakaga) and the Republic of the Sudan (Bahr-el Ghazal [now in South Sudan] and Southern Darfur Provinces)."
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"Spoken by small communities traditionally settled both in the Central African Republic (Préfecture de la Vakaga) and the Republic of the Sudan (Bahr-el Ghazal [now in South Sudan] and Southern Darfur Provinces)."
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"4,000 in Central African Republic (1996)."
2009
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Sudan; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Central African Republic;
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2005
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8.5, 25.25
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"Il est parlé... au total, environ 10.000 locuteurs."
2008
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Central African Republic and the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan].
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Central African Republic and the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan].
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- Compound verbs and modalities of process in Yulu (Central Sudanic)Pascal Boyeldieu. 2007. "Compound Verbs and Modalities of Process in Yulu (Central Sudanic)." In Advances in Nilo-Saharan linguistics: proceedings of the 8th Nilo-Saharan linguistics colloquium, University of Hamburg, August 22-25, 2001, edited by Mechthild Reh and Doris L. Payne. 25-39. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. Online: http://llacan.vjf.cnrs.fr/publications/Yulu_Vcomp_8NS.pdf.http://llacan.vjf.cnrs.fr/publications/Yulu_Vcomp_8NS.pdf
- An Axiomatic functionalist analysis of the phonology of YuluGabjanda, James D. 1976. An Axiomatic functionalist analysis of the phonology of Yulu. University of St. Andrews. 230pp.http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/handle/10023/2642
- The Kadu languages and their affiliation: between Nilo-Saharan, Niger-Congo and Afro-AsiaticRoger M. Blench. 2006. "The Kadu Languages and Their Affiliation: Between Nilo-Saharan, Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic." In Insights into Nilo-Saharan language, history and culture: proceedings of the 9th Nilo-Saharan linguistic colloquium, Institute of African and Asian Studies, University of Khartoum, 16-19 February 2004, edited by Al-Amin Abu-Manga et al. 101-127. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
- La place des verbes composés dans un dictionnaire yulu-françaisBoyeldieu, Pascal. 2005. "La Place Des Verbes Composés Dans Un Dictionnaire Yulu-français." In Paroles nomades: ecrits d’ethnolinguistique africaine en hommage à Christian Seydou, edited by U. Baumgardt and Jean Derive. 375-392. Ed. Karthala.
- Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
- Les langues fer (“kara”) et yulu du nord Centrafricain: esquisses descriptives et lexiquesBoyeldieu, Pascal. 1987. "Les Langues Fer (“kara”) Et Yulu Du Nord Centrafricain: Esquisses Descriptives Et Lexiques." 280. Libr. Orientaliste Paul Geuthner pour la Laboratoire de Langues et Civilisations à Tradition Orale (LACITO).
- Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)http://www.ethnologue.com/
- World Oral Literature Project"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.http://www.oralliterature.org
- Atlas of the World’s Languages in DangerMoseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
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