Overview
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Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

45?

Domains of Use

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Transmission

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Community Members

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Revitalization Programs

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Language Information By Source

La modalidad epistémica en la lengua sáliba
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Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

45?

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

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Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

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Semi-speakers

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Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana. (p. 108) [According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life.]

Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

Venezuela; Colombia

Coordinates

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Location description

El grupo étnico sáliba se encuentra ubicado en el oriente de Colombia en los departamentos de Casanare,Vichada y Meta; también hay sálibas en la vecina república de Venezuela. [The Sáliba ethnic group is located in eastern Colombia in the departments of Casanare, Vichada, and Meta; Also there Sálibas in the neighboring republic of Venezuela.]

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El grupo étnico sáliba se encuentra ubicado en el oriente de Colombia en los departamentos de Casanare,Vichada y Meta; también hay sálibas en la vecina república de Venezuela. [The Sáliba ethnic group is located in eastern Colombia in the departments of Casanare, Vichada, and Meta; Also there Sálibas in the neighboring republic of Venezuela.]

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Spanish

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana, razón por la cual este idioma se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción debido a que la mayor parte de la población se comunica en español. Sólo las personas mayores de 50 años, principalmente las mujeres, hablan sáliba habitualmente; los demás, son hablantes pasivos, es decir que entienden todo lo que se dice en ese idioma, pero les da temor, vergüenza o como ellos mismos dicen, ‘se les dificulta pronunciar los sonidos’ de su lengua materna. (p. 108) [According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]

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Location description

The language is located on the left bank of the river Meta in the town of Orocue. There is another Saliva speaking community in Vichada named Santa Rosalia. Saliva is also spoken in the neighboring republic of Venezuela. The main settlements are: Council Ucumo, duya, San Juanito, Cayman Paravare, Guanapalo, Macucuama, blinder and Santa Rosalia in the low Casanare.

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The language is located on the left bank of the river Meta in the town of Orocue. There is another Saliva speaking community in Vichada named Santa Rosalia. Saliva is also spoken in the neighboring republic of Venezuela. The main settlements are: Council Ucumo, duya, San Juanito, Cayman Paravare, Guanapalo, Macucuama, blinder and Santa Rosalia in the low Casanare.

More on writing systems

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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

2,000

Domains of Use

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Speaker Number Trends

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Transmission

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More about speakers

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Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

5.3097,-69.873

Location description

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Government support

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Other writing systems

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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

1,560

Domains of Use

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Speaker Number Trends

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Transmission

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More about speakers

"1,310 in Colombia (1993 census)."

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Venezuela; Colombia;

Coordinates

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Location description

Casanare, Vichadad, Meta, and Arauca departments, upstream from confluence of Meta and Casanare rivers.

Government support

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Speakers' attitudes

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Other writing systems

Casanare, Vichadad, Meta, and Arauca departments, upstream from confluence of Meta and Casanare rivers.

More on writing systems

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Other languages used

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Domains of other languages

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Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

1550

Domains of Use

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Speaker Number Trends

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Transmission

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1,300 in Colombia, 250 in Venezuela

Year of info

2016

Location and Context

Countries

Colombia, Venezuela

Coordinates

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Location description

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Government support

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Script (Writing system)

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Other writing systems

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Other languages used

Spanish

Domains of other languages

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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

<1,965

Domains of Use

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Speaker Number Trends

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Ethnic Population

2,194

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Less than 1929 of its ethnic population speak it in Colombia (2001), and there are 36 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 265 people in Venezuela.

Year of info

2012

Location and Context

Countries

Colombia and Venezuela

Coordinates

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Location description

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Government support

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Native Speakers Worldwide

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Ethnic Population

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Non-monolingual speakers

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Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

6.0,-70.0

Location description

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Government support

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Script (Writing system)

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Other writing systems

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Other languages used

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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

1,555

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

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Transmission

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Semi-speakers

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Year of info

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Media Resources

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Filter By

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  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  3. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  4. Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking
    Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.
  5. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  6. The World Atlas of Language Structures
    2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
  7. Lau Gomez, Personal Communication
  8. Préstamos del español y de otros idiomas en la lengua sáliba
    Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada. 2008. "Préstamos Del Español Y De Otros Idiomas En La Lengua Sáliba." In Revista lenguas en contacto y bilingüismo: expresión de una realidad intercultural y multicultural, 11-55.
  9. La Lengua Sáliba: Clasea nominales y sistema de concordancia
    Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada. 1996. "La Lengua Sáliba: Clasea Nominales Y Sistema De Concordancia." Santafé de Bogotá: Tercer Mundo Editores.
  10. La Lengua Sáliba
    Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada. 2000. "La Lengua Sáliba." In Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva, edited by María Stella González de pérez and María Luisa Rodríguez de montes. 681-702. Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
  11. Lengua Sáliba
    Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada. 1998. "Lengua Sáliba." In Langues de l'Orénoque et du nord de la Colombie, edited by Jon Landaburu. 2: 231-275. Bogotá: Ediciones Uniandes-CCELA-Colciencias.
  12. La Lengua Saliva
    Suárez, María Matilde. 1977. "La Lengua Saliva." Caracas: Centro de Lenguas Indigenas, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad Católica Andrés Bello.
  13. Fonologia del Saliba
    Benaissa, Taik. 1979. "Fonologia Del Saliba." In no booktitle, edited by Cathcart M. et al. E.. 4: 89-98. Ministerio de Gobierno and Instituto Lingüı.
  14. Urgent Tasks in Eastern Venezuela
    Fuchs, Helmuth. 1967. "Urgent Tasks in Eastern Venezuela." In Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research, 9: 69-103.
  15. La lengua saliva
    Suarez, Maria Matilde. 1977. "La Lengua Saliva." Centro de lenguas indı.
  16. Vocabulario Sáliba-Español, Español-Sáliva
    Benaissa, Taik. 1991. "Vocabulario Sáliba-Español, Español-Sáliva." Editorial Alberto Lleras Camargo.