Overview
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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

3200

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Recent Resources

No resources

Community Members

    No members

Revitalization Programs

No programs

Discussion Forum

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Language Information By Source

Sourcebook on Tomini-Tolitoi Languages: General Information and Word Lists
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Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

3200

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

Most of the younger community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2001

Location and Context

Countries

Indonesia

Coordinates

0.65, 120.1; 0.105, 119.9

Location description

The language is spoken in a number of very small and isolated villages in Donggala, on the Island of Sulawesi. From Sibayu to the south to Bou in the north.

Government support

No government support.

Institutional support

No institutional support

Speakers' attitudes

Generally negative.

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

The language is spoken in a number of very small and isolated villages in Donggala, on the Island of Sulawesi. From Sibayu to the south to Bou in the north.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Indonesian, Kaili

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

3935-4500

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

Most of the community speaks Malay.

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No government support.

Institutional support

No institutional support.

Speakers' attitudes

Negative.

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Malay.

Domains of other languages

Malay is used as a regional lingua franca. Pendau is Used only in the home and within the community.

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

3,200

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

In 1991, 2,000 to 5,000 were reported.

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

Indonesia: Sulawesi

Coordinates

No data

Location description

The Pendau language area has traditionally been the middle and inner hill areas of much of the central part of the narrow neck which links the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

The Pendau language area has traditionally been the middle and inner hill areas of much of the central part of the narrow neck which links the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Indonesian

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials.

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

4,500

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Data for the number of native speakers comes from Quick (2003).

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Indonesia;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

3,200

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

Filter By

No programs

  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  3. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  4. Australia and the Pacific
    Wurm, Stephen A. 2007. Australia and the Pacific. In Christopher Moseley, Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn., 424-557. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X
  5. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  6. Sourcebook on Tomini-Tolitoi Languages: General Information and Word Lists
    Nikolaus P. Himmelmann. 2001. "Sourcebook On Tomini-Tolitoi Languages: General Information and Word Lists." 511: Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
  7. A grammar of the Pendau language of central Sulawesi, Indonesia
    Quick, Phil. 2007. "A Grammar of the Pendau Language of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." 590: Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
  8. Gramatica Ndau
    ,. ?. "Gramatica Ndau." ?.