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Zaramo

Also Known As

Zalamo; Kizaramo; Dzalamo; Zaramu; Saramo; Myagatwa;

Classification

Niger-Congo; Atlantic-Congo; Benue-Congo; Southern Bantoid

Orthography

No data

Language code (ISO 639-3)

zaj

Variants & Dialects

Swahili;

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Overview
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Overview
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Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

A few elderly speakers.

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

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Language Information By Source

Africa
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Africa
Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

A few elderly speakers.

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

200,000

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

"Most Zaramo live along the Tanzanian coast between Bagamoyo and Dar es Salaam."

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

"Most Zaramo live along the Tanzanian coast between Bagamoyo and Dar es Salaam."

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Swahili;

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

"Most Zaramo tend to speak Swahili as a first language these days."

Vulnerable

Native Speakers Worldwide

50,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

-6.922, 39.2409

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

656,730

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

"Few speakers (Brenzinger, Heine, and Sommer 1991). Ethnic population comes from 2000."

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Tanzania;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

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  1. Deutsche Pionerarbeit in Ostafrika
    Bley, Fritz. 1891. "Deutsche Pionerarbeit in Ostafrika." vi, 140. Verlagshandlung Paul Parey.
  2. Habari za Wazaramo = About the Zaramo people
    Krelle, H. 1935. "Habari Za Wazaramo = About the Zaramo People." Usambara Agentur.
  3. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Saramoreligion
    Krelle, H. 1935. "Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Saramoreligion." In Archiv für Anthropologie, 23 [51] , no. 3: 223-235.
  4. Eine Sage der Saramo über den Ursprung des Todes
    Krelle, H. 1913. "Eine Sage Der Saramo Über Den Ursprung Des Todes." In Der Njassa-Bote (Berliner Mission in Deutsch-Ostafrika), 9: 59ff.
  5. Wörterverzeichnis der Zaramo-Sprache
    Krelle, H. 19xx. "Wörterverzeichnis Der Zaramo-Sprache."
  6. Grammatik der Dzalamosprache
    Krelle, H. 19xx. "Grammatik Der Dzalamosprache."
  7. Afrikanische Liebeslieder: ein Dzalamo-Lied
    Klamroth, Martin. 1912/13. "Afrikanische Liebeslieder: Ein Dzalamo-Lied." In Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen, 3 , no. 3: 247.
  8. Beiträge zum Verständnis der religiösen Vorstellung der Saramo in Bezirk Dar es Salaam
    Klamroth, Martin. 1910/11. "Beiträge Zum Verständnis Der Religiösen Vorstellung Der Saramo in Bezirk Dar Es Salaam." In Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen, 1: 36-70, 118-153, 189-223.
  9. ‘Mwali’ dolls of the Wazaramo
    Harding, J.R. 1961. "‘Mwali’ Dolls of the Wazaramo." In Man: a record of anthropological science, 61: 72-73.
  10. A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages
    Johnston, Harry Hamilton. 1919/22. "A Comparative Study of the Bantu and Semi-Bantu Languages." 2 vols: xi, 819, map; xii, 544. Clarendon Press.
  11. Bantu group G (Usagara-Ugogo), language 23: Dzalamo
    Johnston, Harry Hamilton. 1919/22. "Bantu Group G (Usagara-Ugogo), Language 23: Dzalamo." In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages, Clarendon Press.
  12. Continuity and change: thought, belief, and practice in the history of the Ruvu peoples of Central East Tanzania, c.200 BC to AD 1800
    Gonzales, Rhonda Marie. 2002. "Continuity and Change: Thought, Belief, and Practice in the History of the Ruvu Peoples of Central East Tanzania, C.200 BC To AD 1800."
  13. Useguru, Uzaramo, Ukhutu, Usagara, und Ugogo
    Ganzenmüller, K. 1886. "Useguru, Uzaramo, Ukhutu, Usagara, Und Ugogo." In Mitt. des Vereins für Erdkunde zu Halle, , no. 188694-124.
  14. Roots of traditional personal development among the Zaramo in coastal Tanzania
    Forssén, Anja. 1979. "Roots of Traditional Personal Development Among the Zaramo in Coastal Tanzania." 159. Central Union for Child Welfare in Finland; Scandinavian Inst. of African Studies.
  15. Mwana hiti: life and art of the matrilineal Bantu of Tanzania / Lieben und Kunst der matrilinearen Bantu von Tansania
    Felix, Marc Leo. 1990. "Mwana Hiti: Life and Art of the Matrilineal Bantu of Tanzania / Lieben Und Kunst Der Matrilinearen Bantu Von Tansania." 504. Verlag Fred Jahn.
  16. G.30 Zigula-Zaramo group: G.31 Zigula (Zigua), G.32 Nghwele, G.33 Zaramo (Dzalamo), G.35 Ruguru, G.36 Kami, G.37 Kutu, G.38 Vidunda
    Guthrie, Malcolm. 1971. "G.30 Zigula-Zaramo Group: G.31 Zigula (Zigua), G.32 Nghwele, G.33 Zaramo (Dzalamo), G.35 Ruguru, G.36 Kami, G.37 Kutu, G.38 Vidunda." In Comparative Bantu, v. 2: 49-50. Gregg International.
  17. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  18. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Sprachen in Deutsch-Ostafrika, 3: ein Märchen und 30 Lieder der Dzalamo
    Dempwolff, Otto. 1912/13. "Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Sprachen in Deutsch-Ostafrika, 3: Ein Märchen Und 30 Lieder Der Dzalamo." In Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen, 3: 161-181.
  19. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Sprachen in Deutsch-Ostafrika, 2: eine lautliche Sonderheit des Dzalamo
    Dempwolff, Otto. 1911/12. "Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Sprachen in Deutsch-Ostafrika, 2: Eine Lautliche Sonderheit Des Dzalamo." In Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen, 2: 257-260.
  20. Der sog. Artikel im Zaramo
    Dammann, Ernst. 1969. "Der Sog. Artikel Im Zaramo." In Ethnological and linguistic studies in honour of N.J. van Warmelo: essays contributed on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday 28 January 1969, 47-53. Government Printer; Ethnological Section of the Dept. of Bantu Administration and Development, South Africa.
  21. Zur Kenntnis der Zaramo
    Dammann, Ernst. 1934/35. "Zur Kenntnis Der Zaramo." In Zeits. für Eingeborenen-Sprachen, 25 , no. 2: 135-147.
  22. The matrilineal peoples of eastern Tanzania (Zaramo, Luguru, Kaguru, Ngulu, etc.)
    Beidelman, Thomas Owen. 1967. "The Matrilineal Peoples of Eastern Tanzania (Zaramo, Luguru, Kaguru, Ngulu, Etc.)." 93, map. Oxford Univ. Press; International African Inst. (IAI).
  23. Annotated bibliography
    Beidelman, Thomas Owen. 1967. "Annotated Bibliography." In The matrilineal peoples of eastern Tanzania (Zaramo, Luguru, Kaguru, Ngulu, etc.), 73-88. Oxford Univ. Press; International African Inst. (IAI).
  24. A note on the Washomvi of Dar-es-Salaam
    Baker, E.C. 1947. "A Note On the Washomvi of Dar-es-Salaam." In Tanganyika notes and records, 23: 47-48.
  25. Grundzüge der Grammatik des Ki-Zaramo in Deutsch-Ostafrika
    Worms, A. 1897. "Grundzüge Der Grammatik Des Ki-Zaramo in Deutsch-Ostafrika." In ZAOS, III: 298-310.
  26. Animate concords in northeast coastal Bantu: its linguistic and social implications as a case of grammatical convergence
    Wald, Benji [Victor]. 1975. "Animate Concords in Northeast Coastal Bantu: Its Linguistic and Social Implications As a Case of Grammatical Convergence." In Studies in African linguistics, 6 , no. 3: 267-314.
  27. Verbal extensions in Swahili and neighbouring languages
    Miehe, Gudrun. 1989. "Verbal Extensions in Swahili and Neighbouring Languages." In Logos, 9 , no. 1: 23-44.
  28. Northeast coastal Bantu
    Hinnebusch, Thomas Joseph. 1981. "Northeast Coastal Bantu." In Studies in the classification of Eastern Bantu languages, edited by Thomas Joseph Hinnebusch et al.. 21-125. Helmut Buske Verlag.
  29. Africa
    Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. and F. K. Erhard Voeltz. 2007. "Africa." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by Christopher Moseley. Routledge.
  30. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  31. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
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