Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic
Lishan Didan; Lishan Dideni; Bijil Neo-Aramaic;
Afro-Asiatic; Semitic; Aramaic
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Kurdish, Arabic, Hebrew
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The dialect of Barzan, now in Jerusalem and the vicinity, has hardly a dozen active speakers, all in their seventies and eighties. The impact of Zakho JNA on most speakers renders the condition of their dialect all the more grave. Some other Barzanis are passive speakers who have no more than a smattering of active competence in Barzani. Shahe Aramaic is even more desperately endangered, with only a handful of octogenarian speakers in the southern moshav of Menuha and in Tiberias. Bejil Aramaic was until recently still spoken by a few elderly Jews in the moshav of Zekharya near Bet-Shemesh. In 1998 Bejil JNA became extinct with the death of its last speaker, Mrs. Rahel Avraham. The Marzani Neo-Aramaic of Nerem is in all likelihood extinct or well nigh so.
2002
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Diaspora communities in Jerusalem, Mosul, Aqra, and Baghdad
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Attacks on Barzan by government forces--first Ottoman, finally British--quelling Kurdish insurgencies in the years 1909 and 1919, as well as an attack by Assyrians in 1920, led to the displacement of the entire Jewish community, fleeing in small groups to villages throughout northeastern Iraqi Kurdistan, to Aqra, and further afield--to Mosul and Baghdad. Only three Jewish families eventually returned to Barzan; but in 1931 or 1932, during another Kurdish revolt, they had to flee to Aqra, this time for good, under a heavy bombardment by the RAF.
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Attacks on Barzan by government forces--first Ottoman, finally British--quelling Kurdish insurgencies in the years 1909 and 1919, as well as an attack by Assyrians in 1920, led to the displacement of the entire Jewish community, fleeing in small groups to villages throughout northeastern Iraqi Kurdistan, to Aqra, and further afield--to Mosul and Baghdad. Only three Jewish families eventually returned to Barzan; but in 1931 or 1932, during another Kurdish revolt, they had to flee to Aqra, this time for good, under a heavy bombardment by the RAF.
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2010
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31.7888,35.1947
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2009
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Israel; Iraq;
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31.766836, 35.155317
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- Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
- Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)http://www.ethnologue.com/
- Atlas of the World’s Languages in DangerMoseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
- World Oral Literature Project"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.http://www.oralliterature.org
- Glottolog"Glottolog." Online: http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/.http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/
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