Overview
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Endangered

अस्खलित बोलणाऱ्यामूळ भाषकांची संख्या

600

वापर होत असलेले क्षेत्र

No data

भाषक संख्या कल

No data

Transmission

No data

Recent Resources

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Community Members

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Revitalization Programs

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Language Information By Source

Field Report on Jalkunan (Personal Communication)
Arrow pointing down
Endangered

अस्खलित बोलणाऱ्यामूळ भाषकांची संख्या

600

वापर होत असलेले क्षेत्र

No data

भाषक संख्या कल

No data

Transmission

No data

भाषक

द्वितीय भाषा बोलणाऱ्यांची आणि शिकणाऱ्यांची संख्या

20

सेमी-स्पीकर्स (अर्ध-भाषक)

100

मुले

100

तरुण प्रौढ

100

वयस्क प्रौढ

300

म्हाताऱ्या व्यक्ती

100

वांशिक लोकसंख्या

1000-1200

Non-monolingual speakers

Nearly all speakers speak Jula. Significant numbers speak Fulfulde, Samo, or Senoufo. Very few speakers of French.

More about speakers

All L2 speakers are non-Jalkunan women who have intermarried into the tribe. There are about 200 ethnic Jalkunan in Côte d’Ivoire, but it is uncertain how many of them are speakers. (Personal fieldwork, 2012)

Year of info

2012

Location and Context

Countries

Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire

अक्षांश-रेखांशाचे निर्देशक (कोऑर्डिनेट्स)

10.577291, -5.355762

ठिकाणांचा तपशील

"Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora. Most speakers live in Blédougou and Sobara, though the Blé of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. Unconfirmed reports of speakers living in villages between Blédougou and the border of Côte d’Ivoire. Personal fieldwork (2012): Fewer than 10 elderly speakers in Sobara. Unconfirmed reports of upwards of 200 ethnic Jalkunan in Côte d’Ivoire. It is unknown how many of them are speakers."

शासनाचा पाठिंबा

None

संस्थांचा पाठिंबा

None

भाषक मनोवृत्ती

Mixed/positive

Standard orthography

No data

हस्तलेखन (लेखन पद्धती)

None

स्पर्धक लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफिज्)

"Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora. Most speakers live in Blédougou and Sobara, though the Blé of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. Unconfirmed reports of speakers living in villages between Blédougou and the border of Côte d’Ivoire. Personal fieldwork (2012): Fewer than 10 elderly speakers in Sobara. Unconfirmed reports of upwards of 200 ethnic Jalkunan in Côte d’Ivoire. It is unknown how many of them are speakers."

लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफी) बद्दल अधिक माहिती

No data

समुदायाकडून वापरल्या जाणाऱ्या इतर भाषा

Jula, Fulfulde, Samo, Senoufo, French

Domains of other languages

French and Jula are used in education.

More on context

"Personal fieldwork (2012): In the ten interviews I conducted, speakers reported highly positive attitudes towards the language. Yet this does not seem to be the full picture. One such interviewee eventually became my main informant. He said that he was very proud of his ethnicity and language and prouder still to be sharing his knowledge with a linguist. On one of our trips into the city, I found this same man lying about his ethnicity by telling others that he is Senoufo. When confronted, he admitted that he prefers not to mention his Jalkunan identity outside the village. At present, the prevalence of this behavior is unknown, but certainly it has made me think twice about any reports of positive feelings."

Endangered

अस्खलित बोलणाऱ्यामूळ भाषकांची संख्या

200-500

वापर होत असलेले क्षेत्र

No data

भाषक संख्या कल

No data

Transmission

No data

भाषक

द्वितीय भाषा बोलणाऱ्यांची आणि शिकणाऱ्यांची संख्या

No data

सेमी-स्पीकर्स (अर्ध-भाषक)

No data

मुले

No data

तरुण प्रौढ

No data

वयस्क प्रौढ

No data

म्हाताऱ्या व्यक्ती

No data

वांशिक लोकसंख्या

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

1992

Location and Context

Countries

Burkina Faso

अक्षांश-रेखांशाचे निर्देशक (कोऑर्डिनेट्स)

No data

ठिकाणांचा तपशील

"Village of Blé-dougou, west of Banfora, near the town of Sindou."

शासनाचा पाठिंबा

No data

संस्थांचा पाठिंबा

No data

भाषक मनोवृत्ती

No data

Standard orthography

No data

हस्तलेखन (लेखन पद्धती)

No data

स्पर्धक लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफिज्)

"Village of Blé-dougou, west of Banfora, near the town of Sindou."

लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफी) बद्दल अधिक माहिती

No data

समुदायाकडून वापरल्या जाणाऱ्या इतर भाषा

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Endangered

अस्खलित बोलणाऱ्यामूळ भाषकांची संख्या

500

वापर होत असलेले क्षेत्र

No data

भाषक संख्या कल

No data

Transmission

No data

भाषक

द्वितीय भाषा बोलणाऱ्यांची आणि शिकणाऱ्यांची संख्या

No data

सेमी-स्पीकर्स (अर्ध-भाषक)

No data

मुले

No data

तरुण प्रौढ

No data

वयस्क प्रौढ

No data

म्हाताऱ्या व्यक्ती

No data

वांशिक लोकसंख्या

800-1,000

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1995).

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Burkina Faso;

अक्षांश-रेखांशाचे निर्देशक (कोऑर्डिनेट्स)

No data

ठिकाणांचा तपशील

No data

शासनाचा पाठिंबा

No data

संस्थांचा पाठिंबा

No data

भाषक मनोवृत्ती

No data

Standard orthography

No data

हस्तलेखन (लेखन पद्धती)

No data

स्पर्धक लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफिज्)

No data

लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफी) बद्दल अधिक माहिती

No data

समुदायाकडून वापरल्या जाणाऱ्या इतर भाषा

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

अस्खलित बोलणाऱ्यामूळ भाषकांची संख्या

~500

वापर होत असलेले क्षेत्र

No data

भाषक संख्या कल

No data

Transmission

No data

भाषक

द्वितीय भाषा बोलणाऱ्यांची आणि शिकणाऱ्यांची संख्या

No data

सेमी-स्पीकर्स (अर्ध-भाषक)

No data

मुले

No data

तरुण प्रौढ

No data

वयस्क प्रौढ

No data

म्हाताऱ्या व्यक्ती

No data

वांशिक लोकसंख्या

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

Everyone under 40

More about speakers

"According to the Blé, there are approximately 500 speakers of Blé, and 300 Blé who speak Jula and Senoufo. "

Year of info

2001

Location and Context

Countries

Burkina Faso

अक्षांश-रेखांशाचे निर्देशक (कोऑर्डिनेट्स)

10.574560, -5.352453

ठिकाणांचा तपशील

"The Blé are located in the province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora (see figure 1.2.1). Most of the Blé live in Blédougou and Sobara, though the Blé of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. According to their traditions, their land area is quite large, extending southwest to the Côte d'Ivoire border. They report Blé living in the villages between Blédougou and the border, although we have not confirmed this."

शासनाचा पाठिंबा

No data

संस्थांचा पाठिंबा

No data

भाषक मनोवृत्ती

Positive

Standard orthography

No data

हस्तलेखन (लेखन पद्धती)

No data

स्पर्धक लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफिज्)

"The Blé are located in the province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora (see figure 1.2.1). Most of the Blé live in Blédougou and Sobara, though the Blé of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. According to their traditions, their land area is quite large, extending southwest to the Côte d'Ivoire border. They report Blé living in the villages between Blédougou and the border, although we have not confirmed this."

लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफी) बद्दल अधिक माहिती

No data

समुदायाकडून वापरल्या जाणाऱ्या इतर भाषा

Jula, French, Natioro, Noumou, Tyurama, Senoufo, Cerma

Domains of other languages

School, market, government, with neighboring ethnic groups

More on context

"Many of the Blé young people enroll in the school, and as a result, a number of teenage and older Blé are literate in Jula. Those enrolled in the CFJA [local school] are also taught very basic French... Jula is the language used at the market and with many neighbors... The Blé assert that some people of other ethnic groups learn Blé, and that the Blé learn other neighboring languages, in particular Natioro and Noumou. They also mentioned that some Blé speak Tyurama, Senoufo, and Cerma. However, they state that they prefer to communicate with their neighbors in Jula... Blé youth in particular (ages 12–25) show a level in Jula comparable to that of mother tongue speakers... The attitude of the Blé towards their language seems to be two-sided. On the one hand, Blé adults are proud of their language and do not want to see it die out... On the other hand... they seem proud of the fact that everyone under age 40 is literate in Jula."

Endangered

अस्खलित बोलणाऱ्यामूळ भाषकांची संख्या

500

वापर होत असलेले क्षेत्र

No data

भाषक संख्या कल

No data

Transmission

No data

भाषक

द्वितीय भाषा बोलणाऱ्यांची आणि शिकणाऱ्यांची संख्या

No data

सेमी-स्पीकर्स (अर्ध-भाषक)

No data

मुले

No data

तरुण प्रौढ

No data

वयस्क प्रौढ

No data

म्हाताऱ्या व्यक्ती

No data

वांशिक लोकसंख्या

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

अक्षांश-रेखांशाचे निर्देशक (कोऑर्डिनेट्स)

No data

ठिकाणांचा तपशील

No data

शासनाचा पाठिंबा

No data

संस्थांचा पाठिंबा

No data

भाषक मनोवृत्ती

No data

Standard orthography

No data

हस्तलेखन (लेखन पद्धती)

No data

स्पर्धक लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफिज्)

No data

लेखनपद्धती (ऑर्थोग्राफी) बद्दल अधिक माहिती

No data

समुदायाकडून वापरल्या जाणाऱ्या इतर भाषा

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

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  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  3. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  4. Sociolinguistic survey report for the Blé language
    Carol Berthelette and John Berthelette. 2001. "Sociolinguistic Survey Report For the Blé Language." 23. SIL International. Online: http://www.sil.org/silesr/2001/001/Ble.pdf.
    http://www.sil.org/silesr/2001/001/Ble.pdf
  5. A survey on language death in Africa
    Gabriele Sommer. 1992. "A Survey On Language Death in Africa." In Language death: factual and theoretical explorations with special reference to East Africa, edited by Matthias Brenzinger. 402. Mouton de Gruyter.
  6. Field Report on Jalkunan (Personal Communication)
    Vu Truong. 2012. "Field Report On Jalkunan (Personal Communication)."