Overview
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Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Recent Resources

No resources

Community Members

    No members

Revitalization Programs

No programs

Discussion Forum

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Language Information By Source

The twelve modern Khoisan languages
Arrow pointing down
Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only."

Year of info

2011

Location and Context

Countries

Eastern Botswana

Coordinates

-20.086889, 26.570435

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

420

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2010

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

-21.2458, 26.1776

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

6,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Cook 2004.

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Botswana;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

1,700

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

1,700

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

At risk

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2000

Location and Context

Countries

Botswana

Coordinates

-21.463293,24.860344

Location description

Boteti, Makgadikgadi Salt Pans

Government support

None

Institutional support

None

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Boteti, Makgadikgadi Salt Pans

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

Setswana, English, other Khoe languages

Domains of other languages

Education (Setswana)

More on context

“...when a person speaks Shua khoe, s/he can easily be understood by |Hai khoe or Tshire-Tshire who speak different Khoe languages, and therefore, the interlocutors are very often, if not always, not obliged to switch to the linguistic code of the other when engaged in the same conversation.”

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

-20.5, 24.5

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

5,950-7,850 (Boteti pop.)

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2000

Location and Context

Countries

Botswana

Coordinates

-20.21114,26.181608

Location description

Tutume

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Tutume

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Threatened

Native Speakers Worldwide

6,000

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers’s attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

No resources

Filter By

No programs

  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
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    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  3. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
    Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas
  4. Language Endangerment in Southern and Eastern Africa
    Brenzinger, Matthias. 2007. "Language Endangerment in Southern and Eastern Africa." In Language Diversity Endangered, edited by Matthias Brenzinger. 179-204. Mouton de Gruyter.
  5. World Oral Literature Project
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    http://www.oralliterature.org
  6. The World Atlas of Language Structures
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  7. The twelve modern Khoisan languages
    Matthias Brenzinger. 2011. "The Twelve Modern Khoisan Languages." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Khoisan Languages and Linguistics,
  8. The fate of the Khoesan Languages of Botswana
    Herman M. Batibo. 1998. "The Fate of the Khoesan Languages of Botswana." In Endangered Languages in Africa, edited by Matthias Brenzinger. 267-284. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
  9. The Eastern Kalahari Khoe: A focus on inter-Khoisan ethno-language dynamics around the Makgadikgadi Salt Pans of Botswana
    Andy Chebanne. 2011. "The Eastern Kalahari Khoe: A Focus On Inter-Khoisan Ethno-language Dynamics Around the Makgadikgadi Salt Pans of Botswana." In Geographical Typology and Linguistic Areas: With Special Reference to Africa, edited by Osamu Hieda et al. 233-250. John Benjamins.
  10. Where are the Khoesan of Botswana?
    Sue Hasselbring. 2000. "Where Are the Khoesan of Botswana?" In Botswana: the Future of the Minority Languages, edited by Herman M. Batibo and Birgit Smieja. 40: 13-31. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
  11. The Socio-linguistic Survey of the Eastern Khoe in the Boteti and Makgadikgadi Pans Areas of Botswana
    Andy Chebanne and Moemedi Nthapelelang. 2000. "The Socio-linguistic Survey of the Eastern Khoe in the Boteti and Makgadikgadi Pans Areas of Botswana." In Botswana: the Future of the Minority Languages, edited by Herman M. Batibo and Birgit Smieja. 40: 79-94. Peter Lang.
  12. Languages in Botswana: Language Ecology in Southern Africa
    Andersson, Lars-Gunnar and Tore Janson. 1997. "Languages in Botswana: Language Ecology in Southern Africa." Longman Botswana.
  13. A Bushman Dictionary
    Bleek, D. F. 1956. "A Bushman Dictionary." 41: New Haven: American Oriental Society.
  14. Shifting identities in Eastern Khoe: ethnic and language endangerment
    Chebanne, A.M. 2002. "Shifting Identities in Eastern Khoe: Ethnic and Language Endangerment." In Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, 16 , no. 2: 147-157.
  15. Die Buschmänner der Kalahari
    Passarge, S. 1907. "Die Buschmänner Der Kalahari." Berlin: Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen).