Ju|'hoan
Ju/'hoan; Agau; Kung-Tsumkwe; Xu; Xun; Kung; !Xo; Zhu'oasi; Dzu'oasi; Tsumkwe; Dobe Kung; Xaixai; Žhu|hõasi; Ju/'hoansi
Kx'a
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ktz
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Recent Resources
Language Information By Source
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2011
Location and Context
Namibia
-19.591168, 20.502033
Tsumkwe, Otjozondjupa Region
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Tsumkwe, Otjozondjupa Region
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2005
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The Village Schools Project was launched in 1991 and then in 2004 it was incorporated into the national educational system of Namibia.
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"5,000 [speakers] in Botswana (2002)."
2009
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7,000 in Namibia, 2,000+ in Ngamiland, Botswana
2000
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Nyae Nyae Conservancy, language materials, Village Schools Project, Ju|'hoan-English dictionary, mother-tongue education
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Yes
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"Hitchcock and Holm (1993) estimate the number of Ju|'hoansi in Botswana to just over 3,000. Figures from Namibia are not easy to get hold of, but there should be at least as many there as in Botswana."
1997
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"Most Ju|'hoansi live to the west of the Okavango towards the Namibian border and into the neighbouring parts of Namibia."
Some support in Namibia; minority language rights are severely restricted in Botswana
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Dickens' Roman-based system is the official orthography for Ju|'hoan in Namibia
"Most Ju|'hoansi live to the west of the Okavango towards the Namibian border and into the neighbouring parts of Namibia."
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1995
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The Namibian Government has made a massive commitment to Dickens orthography. The Educational Program of the Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia officially began in 1991
Language curriculum materials and an adult literacy program. Dickens orthography was adopted as the official educational orthography of the Nyae Nyae Farmers' Cooperative.
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"Dictionary and grammar by Patrick Dickens."
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"Only few people speak it and the speakers often live a marginalized life."
2011
Location and Context
Botswana, Namibia
-20.472933,22.700659
Ghanzi and Northwest area, Botswana
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Ghanzi and Northwest area, Botswana
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"The truth of the matter is that Ju/'hoansi as a Khoesan language is a minority language and is looked down upon by government and citizens of Botswana." "There is no use for this language outside the speech community, with few exceptions. Worse still, this language is not used in schools."
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3,300-5,000
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2000
Location and Context
Botswana
-18.783792,21.742359
Ngamiland North, Ngamiland South, Ghanzi
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Ngamiland North, Ngamiland South, Ghanzi
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To the chief, clinic workers
"Both Naro and Ju|'hoan have had language development efforts for over a decade. This may have resulted in more positive attitudes among the speakers of these languages."
Media Resources
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- "Community-Based Digital Documentation of Ju|'hoan (ktz) and =X'ao-||'aen (aue): Audio, Video and Text Archives of Language and Culture Diversity" HRELP AbstractMegan Biesele. 2011. ""Community-Based Digital Documentation of Ju|'hoan (ktz) and =X'ao-||'aen (aue): Audio, Video and Text Archives of Language and Culture Diversity" HRELP Abstract." Online: http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=290.http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=290
- Ju|'hoan-Language Education in Namibia and its Relevance for Minority-Language Education in BotswanaMegan Biesele and Robert K. Hitchcok. 2000. "Ju|'hoan-Language Education in Namibia and Its Relevance For Minority-Language Education in Botswana." In Botswana: The Future of the Minority Languages, edited by Herman M. Batibo and Birgit Smieja. 40: 237-265. Peter Lang.
- The naming and utilization of plantlife by the Zhu/’hõasi Bushmen of the Kau-KauveldWilhelm Giess and Jan Winston Snyman. 1986. "The Naming and Utilization of Plantlife By the Zhu/’hõasi Bushmen of the Kau-Kauveld." In Contemporary studies on Khoisan: in honour of Oswin Köhler on the occasion of his 75th birthday, edited by Rainer Vossen and Klaus Keuthmann. v. 1: 237-346. Helmut Buske Verlag.
- African languages and their place in education in southern Africa (with special reference to Khoesan languages)Hovelmann, Wendy. 2000. "African Languages and Their Place in Education in Southern Africa (with Special Reference To Khoesan Languages)." In The state of Khoesan languages in Botswana, edited by Herman M. Batibo and Joseph Tsonope. 100-107. Tasalls Publ. & Books; Basarwa Languages Project, Univ. of Botswana & Univ. of Tromsø.
- Patrick Dickens’s Ju/’hoan linguistics work: educational and political implicationsMegan Biesele. 1995. "Patrick Dickens’s Ju/’hoan Linguistics Work: Educational and Political Implications." In The complete linguist: papers in memory of Patrick J. Dickens, edited by Anthony Traill et al. 45-68. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
- Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)http://www.ethnologue.com/
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