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Language Information By Source

North America
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Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

< 10

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain.

Year of info

2008

Location and Context

Countries

USA; Canada

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Quebec, Vermont

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Quebec, Vermont

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

English

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

2,000

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

"handful of elderly fluent speakers"

Year of info

2007

Location and Context

Countries

Canada; USA

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Vermont and New Hampshire and Quebec. The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

Attempts are underway there to revive the language and teach it in the Vermont school system

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Vermont and New Hampshire and Quebec. The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

5

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

1800

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Speaker number data: (P. Tamburro 2006). Some L1 speakers only passively retain the language and (or) are semi fluent. Ethnic population: 1,800 including Eastern Abnaki in USA (1982 SIL).

Year of info

2009

Location and Context

Countries

Canada; USA;

Coordinates

No data

Location description

Quebec, Odanak Reserve on the Saint Francois River.

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

Quebec, Odanak Reserve on the Saint Francois River.

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Critically Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

14

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

Canada: 10 (Golla 2007). US: 4 (2012 D. Stevens).

Year of info

2016

Location and Context

Countries

Canada, USA

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

No data

Native Speakers Worldwide

No data

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

2005

Location and Context

Countries

USA; Canada

Coordinates

44.0,-72.25

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

"handful of elderly fluent speakers" The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain.

Severely Endangered

Native Speakers Worldwide

20

Domains of Use

No data

Speaker Number Trends

No data

Transmission

No data

Speakers

Second-language speakers and learners

No data

Semi-speakers

No data

Child speakers

No data

Young adult speakers

No data

Older adult speakers

No data

Elder Speakers

No data

Ethnic Population

No data

Non-monolingual speakers

No data

More about speakers

No data

Year of info

Location and Context

Countries

No data

Coordinates

No data

Location description

No data

Government support

No data

Institutional support

No data

Speakers' attitudes

No data

Standard orthography

No data

Script (Writing system)

No data

Other writing systems

No data

More on writing systems

No data

Other languages used

No data

Domains of other languages

No data

More on context

No data

Media Resources

No resources

No resources

Filter By

No programs

  1. Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled by research teams at University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute for Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) at Eastern Michigan University
    2012. "Endangered Languages Catalogue Project. Compiled By Research Teams At University of Hawai'i Mānoa and Institute For Language Information and Technology (LINGUIST List) At Eastern Michigan University."
  2. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)
    Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)
    http://www.ethnologue.com/
  3. World Oral Literature Project
    "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.
    http://www.oralliterature.org
  4. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages
    Moseley, Christopher. 2007. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X
  5. Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking
    Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.
  6. The World Atlas of Language Structures
    2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
  7. A St.~Francis Abenaki Vocabulary
    Day, G. M. 1964. "A St.~Francis Abenaki Vocabulary." In International Journal of American Linguistics, 30 , no. 4: 371-392.
  8. The Abenaki Indians, their treaties of 1713 & 1717, and a vocabulary: with a historical introduction
    Kidder, F. 1859. "The Abenaki Indians, Their Treaties of 1713 & 1717, and a Vocabulary: with a Historical Introduction." Portland: Brown Thrurston.
  9. Western Abenaki. Volume 1: Abenaki-English
    Day, Gordon M. 1994. "Western Abenaki. Volume 1: Abenaki-English." Canadian Museum of Civilization.
  10. Western Abenaki. Volume 2: English-Abenaki
    Day, Gordon M. 1995. "Western Abenaki. Volume 2: English-Abenaki." Canadian Museum of Civilization.